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Table 2 Calculated and reported determination coefficients of the included studies

From: Unravelling the skillset of point-of-care ultrasound: a systematic review

Relevant measurement

Is the correlation linear?

Reported R2

Calculated R2

Knowledge

 Baker et al. [31]

Yes

R2 = 0.053

 Bell et al. [32]

Yes

R2 = 0.194 ***

 Berman et al. [50]

Yes

R2 = 0.119 *

 Carrigan et al. [44]

No correlation reported

 Chung et al. [35]

Yes

R2 = 0.116 *

 Janjigian et al. [36]

Yes

R2 = 0.608 at one-year,****R2 = 0.281 on post-two-day assessment*

 Kissin et al. [37]

Yes

First group: R2 = 0.49****, second group: R2 = 0.348 *

 Nielsen et al. [38]

No, spearman's rho is nonlinear correlation

R2 = 0.608 for residents****

 Schott et al. [39]

Yes

R2 = 0.60****

 

 Shafqat et al. [47]

No, spearman's rho is nonlinear correlation

 

NRT-20: R2 = 0.0025 AH4: R2 = 0.0081

 Sisley et al. [42]

Yes

Precourse: R2 = 0.04, postcourse R2 = 0.02

 Stolz et al. [41]

Yes

R2 = 0.028

 Tolsgaard et al. [57]

No correlation reported

 Werner et al. [40]

No, spearman's rho is nonlinear correlation

R2 = 0.152*

 Woodworth et al. [43]

Yes

Pretest: R2 = 0.221, posttest: R2 = 0.410

Psychomotor ability

   

 Chapman et al. [45]

No correlation reported

 Dromey et al. [58]

No correlation reported

 Smith et al. [48]

No correlation reported

 Walker et al. [49]

No correlation reported

Visuospatial ability

   

 Berman et al. [34]

Yes

Flexibility of closure: R2 = 0.040 Spatial orientation: R2 = 0.001, Visualization: R2 = 0.006

 Carrigan et al. [44]

No correlation reported

 Chapman et al. [45]

No correlation reported

 Chuan et al. [52]

No correlation reported

 Clem et al. [46]

Yes

R2 = 0.36**

 Clem et al. [46]

Yes

After 30 h: R2 = 0.21*, after two semesters R2 = 0.23*

 Duce et al. [53]

No, spearman's rho is a linear correlation

Matrix reasoning: R2 = 0.144*, MRT-A: R2 = 0.130*

 Frederiksen et al. [54]

Yes

MRT + global image rating: R2 = 0.476***, MRT + global image evaluation: R2 = 0.194*, MRT + probe orientation: R2 = 0.314***

 Hewson et al. [55]

No correlation reported

 Miller et al. [56]

Yes

MRT + posttest knowledge scores: R2 = 0.044****, MRT + PLAX score: R2 = − 0.16, MRT + PLAX time: R2 = − 0.04, MRT + hepatorenal score: R2 = − 0.12, MRT + hepatorenal time: R2 = − 0.16

 Shafqat et al. [38]

No, Spearman’s rho is a nonlinear correlation

MRT score R2 = 0.221***, Group Embedded Figures Test: R2 = 0.004

 Smith et al. [48]

No, Spearman’s rho is a nonlinear correlation

Block design test + global ultrasound performance: R2 = 0.221***

  1. R2: coefficient of determination; MRT: Mental Rotation Test; GRS: Global Rating Scale; CES: Composite Error Score
  2. *p-value < 0.05, **p-value < 0.02, ***p-value < 0.01, ****p-value < 0.001