Skip to main content
The Ultrasound Journal

Table 1 Patient characteristics

From: Monitoring of pulmonary involvement in critically ill COVID-19 patients - should lung ultrasound be preferred over CT?

 

Total: 82

Alive: 50

Deceased: 32

p value

Demographics

    

 Age (years)

67 [59–74]

64 [57.8–70]

71.5 [65–76]

< 0.001

 Sex (male)

65 (79.3)

39 (78)

26 (81.3)

0.58

 BMI (kg/m2)

29.5 (6.1)

30.1 (5.5)

28.9 (6.6)

0.47

 APACHE II

12 (10–13)

12 (10–12)

12 (10–13.3)

0.38

 SOFA score

7.5 (2.9)

7.2 (2.9)

8.1 (2.9)

0.17

 Charlson Comorbidity Index

3.2 (1.9)

2.8 (2.0)

3.8 (1.6)

0.02

Laboratory parameters

    

 Creatinine (umol/L)

80.5 [64.3–109.8]

70 [57.3–89.8]

103.5 [79.8–198.3]

< 0.001

 Leucocytes (× 109/L)

10.2 (4.9)

9.8 (4.6)

10.8 (5.5)

0.43

 CRP (mg/L)

139 [90–190]

128 [83–183]

159 [105.5–193.3]

0.007

 Procalcitonin (ug/L)

0.35 [0.18–1.06]

0.27 [0.13–0.62]

0.75 [0.20–1.48]

0.42

 LDH (U/L)

505 [398–643]

489 [398–618]

509 [392–730]

0.23

 Hs Troponin T (ng/L)

24 [12.5–51.5]

18 [9.8–38]

39 [19–119]

0.005

 NT-pro BNP (ng/L)

575 [237–1011]

472 [193–749]

756 [395–1658]

< 0.001

 aPTT (sec)

26 [23–30]

25 [23–30]

26 [23–29.5]

0.96

 d-Dimer (ng/mL)

1.65 [1.04–5.74]

1.42 [0.94–5.11]

2.96 [1.18–6.38]

0.87

Ventilation parameters

    

 PEEP (cm H2O)

11 (3)

11 (2)

12 (3)

0.04

 PaO2/FiO2 ratio

105 [75.8–147.5]

111.4 [75.8–147.5]

105 [75.6–154.6]

0.96

 etCO2 gap (kPa)

1.83 (0.96)

1.9 (1.1)

1.7 (0.8)

0.66

Initial imaging scores

    

 LUSS

21 (5)

21 (5)

21 (6)

0.55

 Pleural abnormality score

13 (7.6)

12 (6)

15 (9.5)

0.14

 CTSS

18 [16–22]

18 [16–21]

19 [15–23.5]

0.38

Outcomes

    

 ICU length of stay (days)

13 [6–28.5]

10 [6–40.5]

16 [8.3–20]

 < 0.001

 28-day mortality

29 (35.4)

N/A

N/A

 

 90-day mortality

32 (39)

N/A

N/A

 
  1. Values are n (%), mean (± SD), or median [IQR] as appropriate
  2. p values comparing patients are from χ2-test, Fisher’s exact test, ANOVA or Mann–Whitney U test, with α = 0.05
  3. APACHE II: Acute Physiology and chronic Health Evaluation II; aPTT: activated prothrombin time; BMI: Body Mass Index; CRP: C-reactive protein; EtCO2: end-tidal carbon dioxide; Hs: high sensitivity; IQR: inter-quartile range; ICU: intensive care unit; IU: international units; kPa: kilopascal; L: liter; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LUSS: lung ultrasound score; NT-pro BNP: N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide; PE: pulmonary embolism; PEEP: positive end-expiratory pressure; PaO2/FiO2 ratio: ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen; Pleural abnormality score: separate pleural abnormality score, so without inclusion in the LUSS; SD: standard deviation; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
  4. P-values in bold represent baseline characteristics that differ significantly
Back to article page