| Total n = 700 | HF group n = 371 | Non-HF group n = 329 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean(SD) | 68 (20) | 70(24) | 65(20) | < 0.001 |
Sex ratio (male/female) | 1.43 | 1.13 | 1.90 | < 0.001 |
Past medical History, n (%) | ||||
 COPD | 151 (21.6) | 44 (11.8) | 107 (32.5) | < 0.001 |
 Asthma | 21 (3) | 10 (2.7) | 11 (3.3) | 0.47 |
 Hypertension | 346 (49.4) | 225 (60.6) | 121(36.7) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 287 (41) | 188 (50.6) | 99 (30) | < 0.001 |
 Chronic heart Failure | 175 (25) | 128 (34.5) | 47 (14.2) | < 0.001 |
 Coronary artery disease | 133 (19) | 98 (26.4) | 35 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
Treatments | ||||
 Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors | 193 (27.5) | 176 (47.6) | 17 (5.2) | < 0.001 |
 Diuretics | 167 (23.8) | 158 (42.7) | 9 (2.6) | < 0.001 |
 Beta blockers | 50 (7.1) | 42 (11.3) | 8 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
 β 2 mimetics | 102 (14.5) | 64 (17.2) | 38 (11.7) | 0.03 |
 Steroids (inhaled) | 53 (7.5) | 23 (6.3) | 30 (9) | 0.14 |
 Aspirin | 124 (17.7) | 89 (23.9) | 35 (10.7) | < 0.001 |
Chest X-ray, n (%) | ||||
 Cardiomegalya | 368 (52.5) | 253 (68.2) | 115 (35) | < 0.001 |
 Interstitial edema | 484 (69) | 279 (75.2) | 205 (62) | 0.004 |
 Vascular pulmonary redistribution | 290 (41.4) | 208 (56) | 82 (25) | < 0.001 |
 Pleural effusion | 227 (32.5) | 144 (39) | 81 (25) | 0.003 |
 Atrial fibrillation | 154 (22) | 98 (26.4) | 56 (17) | 0.003 |
 LV ejection fraction, mean (SD) | 51 (14) | 44 (13) | 59 (10) | < 0.001 |
 BNP, pg/ml, median [IQR] | 216 [68–548] | 458[215–771] | 62[25–162] | < 0.001 |