Table 1 Patient characteristics separated on the presence or absence of an expert-measured cardiac output (n = 1075)
From: Feasibility of cardiac output measurements in critically ill patients by medical students
|  | Patients without CO measurement (n = 292) | Patients with CO measurement (n = 783) | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 64 ± 13 | 61 ± 15 | 0.004 |
Male gender | 190 (65%) | 484 (62%) | 0.33 |
BMI (kg m−2) | 26.9 ± 5.3 | 26.9 ± 5.6 | 0.96 |
Respiratory rate (bpm) | 18 ± 6 | 18 ± 6 | 0.88 |
Mechanical ventilation | 194 (66%) | 438 (56%) | 0.002 |
PEEP (cm H2O) | 7 (5, 8) | 7 (5, 8) | 0.83 |
SBP (mmHg) | 113 ± 25 | 120 ± 25 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 59 ± 12 | 60 ± 12 | 0.44 |
MAP (mmHg) | 76 ± 14 | 79 ± 14 | 0.014 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 91 ± 22 | 87 ± 21 | 0.002 |
Atrial fibrillation | 22 (8%) | 56 (7%) | 0.91 |
Norepinephrine | 168 (58%) | 361 (46%) | < 0.001 |
CVP (mmHg) | 9 (4–12) | 9 (5–13) | 0.84 |
Lactate (mmol L−1) | 1.5 (1.0–2.5) | 1.3 (0.9–2.1) | < 0.001 |
Consciousness | |||
  Alert | 75 (26%) | 254 (32%) | 0.018 |
  Reacting to voice | 49 (17%) | 154 (20%) |  |
  Reacting to pain | 22 (8%) | 67 (9%) |  |
  Unresponsive | 146 (49%) | 308 (39%) |  |
COPD | 54 (18%) | 88 (11%) | 0.002 |
Acute surgery | 108 (37%) | 230 (29%)a | 0.017 |
Post-cardiothoracic surgery | 40 (14%) | 48 (6%) | < 0.001 |
SAPS-II | 49 ± 17 | 46 ± 17 | 0.004 |
APACHE IV score | 80 ± 30 | 75 ± 29 | 0.017 |
90-day mortality | 80 (27%) | 217 (28%) | 0.97 |