Table 3 Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and the accuracy and point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis of blunt chest injuries
Type of injury | Diagnostic tool | Analysis | Point estimate | 95% CIa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pneumothorax | Sonography | Sensitivity,  % | 75.0 | 55.1–89.0 |
Specificity,  % | 100 | 97.2–100 | ||
PPV% | 100 | 83.9–100 | ||
NPV% | 94.9 | 89.7–97.9 | ||
Accuracy% | 95.5 | 91.0–98.2 | ||
Hemothorax | Sensitivity,  % | 45.4 | 24.4–67.8 | |
Specificity,  % | 100 | 97.3–100 | ||
PPV% | 100 | 69.2–100 | ||
NPV% | 91.8 | 86.2–95.7 | ||
Accuracy% | 92.4 | 87.0–96.0 | ||
Contusion | Sensitivity,  % | 58.1 | 42.1–73.3 | |
Specificity,  % | 100 | 96.8–100 | ||
PPV% | 100 | 86.3–100 | ||
NPV% | 86.3 | 79.3–91.7 | ||
Accuracy% | 88.5 | 82.5–93.1 | ||
Pneumothorax, hemothorax and contusion | Physical exam and sonography | Sensitivity, % | 91.5 | 81.3–97.2 |
Specificity, % | 90.8 | 83.3–95.7 | ||
PPV | 85.7 | 74.6–93.3 | ||
NPV | 94.7 | 88.0–98.3 | ||
Accuracy | 91.8 | 85.5–95.0 |