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The Ultrasound Journal
Fig. 3 | The Ultrasound Journal

Fig. 3

From: Rationale for using the velocity–time integral and the minute distance for assessing the stroke volume and cardiac output in point-of-care settings

Fig. 3

Principle of mass conservation. In the absence of valvular regurgitation or intracardiac shunts, the stroke volume (SV) is the same across each valve or orifice. CSA: cross-sectional area; VTI: velocity–time integral; AV: aortic valve; MV: mitral valve; TV: tricuspid valve; PV: pulmonary valve; LVOT: left ventricular outflow tract; d: diameter; CSA: cross-sectional area; VTI: velocity–time integral; HR: heart rate; RVOT: right ventricular outflow tract; LV: left ventricle; AoR: aortic root; LA: left atrium; da: descending aorta; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle; PA: pulmonary artery; r-PA: right-PA; l-PA: left-PA

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