Skip to main content

Table 2 Diagnostic performances of the lung ultrasound findings

From: Point-of-care lung ultrasound for diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: notes from the field

Lung ultrasound sign

PJP+

n (%)

PJP−

n (%)

p-value

Se

(95% CI)

Sp

(95% CI)

PPV

(95% CI)

NPV

(95% CI)

LR+

(95% CI)

LR−

(95% CI)

B-lines (> 2 per view) no B-lines in the scan

14 (100%)

6

(60%)

0.0198

100%

(76.84–100)

45.45%

(16.75–76.62)

70%

(57.64–80.01)

100%

1.83

(1.07–3.14)

0.00

Pleural effusion

0

(0%)a

5

(50%)

0.0059

0.00%

(0.00–23.16)

50.00%

(18.71–81.29)

0.00%

26.32%

(16.12–39.90)

0.00

2.00

(1.08–3.27)

Pneumothorax

4

(28.5%)

1

(10%)

0.3577

40.00%

(12.16–73.76)

90.00%

(55.50–99.75)

80.00%

(34.93–96.75)

60.00%

(46.48–72.15)

4.00

(0.54–29.81)

0.67

(0.39–1.15)

Subpleural consolidation

14 (100%)

4

(40%)

0.0016

100%

(76.84–100)

60.00%

(16.24–87.84)

77.78%

(62.10–88.20)

100%

2.50

(1.17–5.34)

0.00

Lung consolidation, any lung consolidations with “cystic” changes at the pulmonary basis

8

(57.1%)

5

(50%)

1.0000

57.14%

(28.86–82.34)

50.00%

(18.71–81.29)

61.54%

(42.60–77.52)

45.45%

(25.95–66.46)

1.14

(0.53–2.46)

0.86

(0.36–2.04)

Lung consolidation with air bronchogram

0

(0%)

4

(40%)

0.0198

0.00%

(0.00–23.16)

60.00%

(26.24–87.84)

0.00%

30.00%

(20.53–41.55)

0.00

1.67

(1.00–2.76)

Lung consolidation with cystic pattern

8

(57.1%)

0

(0%)

0.0019

57.14%

(28.86–82.34)

100%

(69.15–100)

100%

62.50

(47.65–75.32)

0.43

0.23–0.78

  1. PJP, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; Se, sensitivity; Sp, specificity; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR−, negative likelihood ratio; CI, confidence interval
  2. aOne patient developed bilateral pleural effusion later during the stay in the Intensive Care Unit