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Table 1 Etiologies of shock and associated ultrasound findings

From: EGLS: Echo-guided life support

Diagnosis

Associated ultrasound findings

Tension pneumothorax

Abolished lung sliding, no B-lines

Tamponade

Pericardial effusion with RV and RA diastolic collapse, plethoric IVC, dynamic LV

Hypovolemia

Hyperdynamic LV, IVC collapse, clear lungs

Massive pulmonary embolism

Dilated RV, “D-shape left ventricle, paradoxical septal wall movement, plethoric IVC

Myocardial infarction

Poor LV function associated with B-profile and plethoric IVC if cardiogenic shock

Toxicological, electrolyte abnormalities, acid–base disorders

Could be associated with depressed cardiac function

  1. RV right ventricle, RA right atrium, LV left ventricle, IVC inferior vena cava